Semaglutide
A GLP-1 receptor agonist studied extensively for glycemic control and weight management in metabolic research.
Mechanism of Action
Semaglutide binds to GLP-1 receptors with high affinity, stimulating glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon release, slowing gastric emptying, and reducing appetite through hypothalamic and brainstem signaling. Its albumin-binding fatty acid side chain extends its half-life, enabling once-weekly dosing.
Key Published Studies
Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity (STEP 1)
Wilding JPH, Batterham RL, Calanna S, et al. — New England Journal of Medicine (2021)
Semaglutide 2.4 mg once weekly achieved a mean weight loss of 14.9% at 68 weeks versus 2.4% with placebo in adults with overweight or obesity.
Oral Semaglutide versus Empagliflozin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (PIONEER 2)
Rodbard HW, Rosenstock J, Canani LH, et al. — Diabetes Care (2019)
Oral semaglutide 14 mg demonstrated superior HbA1c reduction compared to empagliflozin 25 mg at 26 weeks in type 2 diabetes.
Dosage Range
Research protocols range from 0.25 mg to 2.4 mg once weekly via subcutaneous injection.
Reconstitution
Reconstitute lyophilized powder with bacteriostatic water. For a 5 mg vial, add 2.5 mL BAC water for 2 mg/mL concentration.
Storage
Store lyophilized at -20C. Reconstituted at 2-8C, use within 28 days.
Half-Life
Approximately 7 days (168 hours), the longest among approved GLP-1 RAs.
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